ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma D-lactate levels and prognosis in newborns with neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).Methods One hundred and four premature infants with NEC (stase Ⅱ and Ⅲ ) and another 104 premature infants without NEC admitted into Quanzhou Children's Hospital for other diseases from January 2007 to October 2010 were selected into this case control study.The gestational age,gender and birth weight of patients in the two groups were matched.NEC patients' bloods were collected within 24 hours after NEC was confirmed and blood samples of the control group were collected at the corresponding age.Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the plasma D-lactate level.Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to confirm the criteria of D-lactate positive,according to which,the NEC group was divided into high D-lactate group and normal D-lactate group,and the mortality and complication rate of the two groups were compared with x2 test.And NEC group was subdivided into death group and survive group according to the prognosis of the patients,and the difference of D-lactate level between the two groups were compared with t test.Results Among the NEC group,there were 63 cases (60.6％) of stage Ⅱ and 41 (39.4％) cases of stage Ⅲ ; 88 (84.6％) survived infants and 16 (15.4％) dead infants.D-lactate level was (35.4 ± 29.1) μg /ml in stage Ⅲ NEC group,(29.5±16.2) μg/ml in stage Ⅱ NEC group and (3.7±18.4) μg/ml in control group; there were statistical differences between each other(F=5.97,P＜0.05).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that if 6 μg/ml was set as the borderline,there were 87 cases(83.7％,87/104) with high D-lactate patients in NEC group,whose neonatal critical illness scoring (NCIS) was 80.9±22.6,significantly lower than that of normal D-lactate patients ( 95.8 ± 20.5) (t =2.417,P＜ 0.05),and higher neonatal septicemia rate (48.3％,42/87) and mortality (27.6％,24/87) compared with those [(5.9％,1/17) and (5.9％,1/17)] of normal D-lactate patients(x2 =11.539 and 7.146,P＜0.05,respectively).In NEC group,compared with the survived infants,the D-lactate level [(43.2±13.5) μg/ml vs (21.9 ± 22.9) μg/ml,t =4.572,P＜0.05] and the rate of septicemia [68.8％ (11/16) vs 38.6％ (34/88),x2 =3.445,P＜0.05] were higher in dead patients,and NCIS (82.4± 29.1 vs 90.6 ± 21.3,t =2.409,P＜0.05) was lower.Conctusions The level of plasma D-lactate related to the prognosis of neonatal NEC and which might be a good indicator for its prognosis and severity.
ABSTRACT
Objective To enhance the oral bioavailability of breviscapine and investigate the feasibility of preparing the proliposome of breviscapine by fluidized bed coating method. Methods The fluidized bed coating method was used to prepare breviscapine proliposome and ultrafiltration-HPLC was applied to determination of the encapsulation efficiency. The influence factors on encapsulation efficiency including carriers, drug-lipid weight ratio, inlet air temperature, spray rate, and spray air volume were investigated. Results When the carrier was sorbitol and the drug-lipid weight ratio was under 1∶3, the encapsulation efficiency could be higher. Inlet air temperature, spray rate, and spray air volume had some effects on the encapsulation efficiency. By the method, the fluidity of the proliposome granules was well and the particle size distribution ratio of them was uniform; the mean particle size of liposomal formulation of breviscapine after rehydration was 98 nm, and the encapsulation efficiency was (63.1?2.8)% (n=3). Conclusion It is feasible to prepare the breviscapine proliposome with fluidized bed coating method.